{"id":1984,"date":"2003-04-29T16:34:56","date_gmt":"2003-04-29T14:34:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/institutcanplanas\/?p=1984"},"modified":"2016-10-26T16:45:46","modified_gmt":"2016-10-26T14:45:46","slug":"practiques-electriques-motors","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/institutcanplanas\/portada\/practiques-electriques-motors\/","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u00e0ctiques el\u00e8ctriques – Motors"},"content":{"rendered":"

1.- Motors homopolars<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

El funcionament d\u2019aquests motors es basa en l\u2019anomenada for\u00e7a de Lorentz, produ\u00efda sempre que hi ha un corrent el\u00e8ctric a dins d\u2019un camp magn\u00e8tic.<\/span><\/p>\n

Les l\u00ednies de for\u00e7a del camp magn\u00e8tic del imant s\u00f3n verticals, perpendiculars a la taula. La pila forma, amb el cable i el imant, un circuit el\u00e8ctric pel que circula un corrent, quan el cable fa contacte amb el imant, que a la vegada est\u00e0 fent contacte amb el pol negatiu de la pila.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

La m\u00fatua influencia entre les l\u00ednies del camp magn\u00e8tic (B) i la direcci\u00f3 del corrent el\u00e8ctric (v) produeix la for\u00e7a (F) que fa girar el motor. A la part dreta del dibuix les l\u00ednies del camp magn\u00e8tic es representen seccionades com a petits cercles.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Per construir el motor es fa servir una pila alcalina (A), un imant de neodimi (B) de 12 mil\u00b7l\u00edmetres de di\u00e0metre i 6 mil\u00b7l\u00edmetres de gruix i fil de coure r\u00edgid (C). Amb aquests motors s\u2019aconsegueixen velocitats de gir de fins a 10.000 revolucions per minut. Per altra part el cable s\u2019escalfa molt i la pila es descarrega aviat.<\/span><\/p>\n

A continuaci\u00f3 es veuen dues possibles versions del mateix motor.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Per aconseguir que el motor giri en sentit contrari podem girar la pila, per canviar la polaritat del circuit el\u00e8ctric o girar el imant per canviar la polaritat del camp magn\u00e8tic.<\/span><\/p>\n

Per a m\u00e9s informaci\u00f3:<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00eddeo de l’experiencia<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Es pot construir una altra versi\u00f3 d\u2019aquest motor, penjant la part m\u00f2bil, que esta formada per un cargol d\u2019acer i un imant de la pila i mantenint el cable del circuit el\u00e8ctric fixe.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Per a m\u00e9s informaci\u00f3:<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

V\u00eddeo de l’experiencia<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

2.- Motor bipolar sense escombretes<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Podem construir de forma senzilla un motor de corrent continu amb un imant i una bobina de coure esmaltat, fent servir el mateix fil de coure com a eix. El secret est\u00e0 en treure l\u2019esmalt, de la part corresponent a l\u2019eix, nom\u00e9s a la meitat de la circumfer\u00e8ncia, de forma que nom\u00e9s a la meitat de la volta faci contacte amb el suport de fil conductor i pugui girar de forma continuada.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Per a m\u00e9s informaci\u00f3:<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

V\u00eddeo de l’experiencia<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1.- Motors homopolars El funcionament d\u2019aquests motors es basa en l\u2019anomenada for\u00e7a de Lorentz, produ\u00efda sempre que hi ha un corrent el\u00e8ctric a dins d\u2019un camp magn\u00e8tic. Les l\u00ednies de for\u00e7a del camp magn\u00e8tic del imant s\u00f3n verticals, perpendiculars a la taula. La pila forma, amb el cable i el imant, un circuit el\u00e8ctric pel […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1984","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-portada"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/institutcanplanas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1984","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/institutcanplanas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/institutcanplanas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/institutcanplanas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/institutcanplanas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1984"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/institutcanplanas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1984\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1986,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/institutcanplanas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1984\/revisions\/1986"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/institutcanplanas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1984"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/institutcanplanas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1984"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/institutcanplanas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1984"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}