{"id":4265,"date":"2018-12-10T13:32:49","date_gmt":"2018-12-10T12:32:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/insramoncasas.cat\/?p=4265"},"modified":"2018-12-10T13:32:49","modified_gmt":"2018-12-10T12:32:49","slug":"la-setmana-de-la-ciencia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insramoncasas\/experimentals\/la-setmana-de-la-ciencia\/","title":{"rendered":"La setmana de la ci\u00e8ncia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Des de ja fa anys a l&#8217;institut Ramon Casas i Carb\u00f3 es realitzen confer\u00e8ncies dins de la setmana de la ci\u00e8ncia. Una iniciativa coordinada per la<b>\u00a0<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fundaciorecerca.cat\/\">Fundaci\u00f3 Catalana per a la Recerca i la Innovaci\u00f3<\/a><\/p>\n<p>En aquesta ocasi\u00f3, el dimarts dia 13 de novembre en Daniel Campos, ex-alumne del centre, ha estat el ponent de la xerrada adre\u00e7ada als alumnes de 1r de batxillerat. En Daniel \u00e9s professor de la Facultat de Ci\u00e8ncies de la UAB i investigador a la Unitat de F\u00edsica Estad\u00edstica de la UAB.<\/p>\n<p>En la xerrada que ens ha fet, que t\u00e9 per t\u00edtol \u00a0\u201cDissenyant l&#8217;\u00e0tom de Darwin\u201d, ha volgut acostar a l\u2019alumnat la\u00a0seva visi\u00f3 sobre la ci\u00e8ncia, les aplicacions del m\u00e8tode cient\u00edfic per resoldre problemes quotidians i quina \u00e9s la seva tasca com a investigador en un grup de recerca sobre f\u00edsica estad\u00edstica.<\/p>\n<p>Per comen\u00e7ar ens ha donat la definici\u00f3 de ci\u00e8ncia segons Jorge Wagensberg. Aquest f\u00edsic diu que la ci\u00e8ncia es pot definir com un tipus de coneixement basat en tres principis:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Objectivitat (\u00e9s igual per a tothom).<\/li>\n<li>Intel\u00b7ligibilitat (s\u2019ha de poder entendre \u2013en contraposici\u00f3 al missatge que es transmet, per exemple, a trav\u00e9s de l\u2019art).<\/li>\n<li>Dial\u00e8ctica (\u00e9s una forma de coneixement en continu di\u00e0leg, revisi\u00f3 i cr\u00edtica \u2013contraposat a la religi\u00f3, per exemple, que es fonamenta en uns dogmes establerts).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Aquest tres principis es poden aplicar a partir d\u2019una manera de treballar que anomenem <i>m\u00e8tode cient\u00edfic<\/i>. En Daniel ha preguntat als assistents a la xerrada qu\u00e8 els suggeria aix\u00f2 del <i>m\u00e8tode cient\u00edfic<\/i>, i han contestat coses com \u201c<i>experimentaci\u00f3, hip\u00f2tesi, observaci\u00f3, teoria\u2026<\/i>\u201c. A trav\u00e9s d\u2019un rep\u00e0s dels cient\u00edfics m\u00e9s c\u00e8lebres de la hist\u00f2ria, i dels principals agents de la revoluci\u00f3 cient\u00edfica, s\u2019han vist diferents maneres de treballar: l\u2019experiment com a forma de treball sistem\u00e0tica (nom\u00e9s observant la natura hauria resultat molt complex arribar a segons quines conclusions), l\u2019establiment de teories que permetin explicar diferents fen\u00f2mens, la combinat\u00f2ria, o fins i tot la casualitat, que ha perm\u00e8s fer molts descobriments cient\u00edfics (com la radioactivitat, per part del f\u00edsic Henri Beckerel, per exemple).<\/p>\n<p>Aix\u00ed doncs, no hi ha un manual cient\u00edfic: s\u2019ha de fer servir la creativitat per aportar noves solucions per resoldre nous problemes.<\/p>\n<p>Despr\u00e9s en Daniel ens ha explicat que el resultat de la feina del cient\u00edfic resulta d\u2019una simplificaci\u00f3 de la realitat, perqu\u00e8 es basa sempre en aproximacions, en representacions que es puguin fer entendre. Per exemple, els models de representaci\u00f3 de l\u2019\u00e0tom han anat canviant al llarg de la hist\u00f2ria, segons les diferents interpretacions que se n\u2019han fet.<\/p>\n<p>Al llarg del segle XX s\u2019ha intentat explicar la natura no nom\u00e9s a trav\u00e9s dels nostres sentits, que estan esbiaixats (la qual cosa permet explicar les il\u00b7lusions \u00f2ptiques, per exemple). Per\u00f2 no nom\u00e9s els sentits ens poden enganyar, sin\u00f3 que el nostre cervell tamb\u00e9 pateix un biaix cognitiu, que ens permet prendre decisions no \u00f2ptimes. En aquest sentit, ens ha recordat que un psic\u00f2leg, Daniel Kahneman, va guanyar el Premi Nobel d\u2019Economia per les seves investigacions sobre la presa de decisions en els mercats financers. I en aquest punt ens ha fet una demostraci\u00f3 per fer-nos veure com el nostre cervell no est\u00e0 preparat per fer certes tasques, com distingir cares al rev\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insramoncasas\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1921\/2018\/12\/IMG-1586.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4267 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insramoncasas\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1921\/2018\/12\/IMG-1586-1024x765.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"765\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insramoncasas\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1921\/2018\/12\/IMG-1586-1024x765.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insramoncasas\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1921\/2018\/12\/IMG-1586-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insramoncasas\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1921\/2018\/12\/IMG-1586-768x574.jpg 768w, https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insramoncasas\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1921\/2018\/12\/IMG-1586-200x150.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>En acabat, en Daniel ens ha explicat la seva feina com a investigador i que se centra en la f\u00edsica estad\u00edstica, que estudia com, a partir d\u2019una escala, podem explicar qu\u00e8 passa a una escala m\u00e9s gran; i m\u00e9s concretament, en un grup de recerca que aplica la f\u00edsica estad\u00edstica a problemes de biologia (com per exemple, la interacci\u00f3 d\u2019un organisme amb el seu ambient), per inferir a partir del nivell macros\u00f2pic qu\u00e8 passa a nivell cognitiu.<\/p>\n<p>La seva tasca\u00a0se centra concretament en el moviment d\u2019organismes. Com a casos concrets d\u2019estudi ens ha explicat el del\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.seresmodelicos.csic.es\/cuc.html\"><i>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/i><\/a>, del qual n\u2019observen les traject\u00f2ries i moviments i a partir de l\u2019an\u00e0lisi de totes les dades, intenten entendre per qu\u00e8 actua com actua). Tamb\u00e9 se centren en el moviment de formigues i altres organismes, i fins i tot en el moviment de l\u2019ull hum\u00e0.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019an\u00e0lisi de totes aquestes dades que recullen t\u00e9 aplicaci\u00f3 en la resoluci\u00f3 de problemes de la vida quotidiana, alguns tan importants com el\u00a0disseny d\u2019estrat\u00e8gies i protocols per trobar persones perdudes.<\/p>\n<p>Agra\u00efm al Daniel la seva col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 i esperem tenir ocasi\u00f3 de tornar-lo a escoltar ben aviat!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Des de ja fa anys a l&#8217;institut Ramon Casas i Carb\u00f3 es realitzen confer\u00e8ncies dins de la setmana de la ci\u00e8ncia. Una iniciativa coordinada per la\u00a0Fundaci\u00f3 Catalana per a la Recerca i la Innovaci\u00f3 En aquesta ocasi\u00f3, el dimarts dia 13 de novembre en Daniel Campos, ex-alumne del centre, ha estat el ponent de la [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4266,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[112],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4265","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-experimentals"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insramoncasas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4265","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insramoncasas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insramoncasas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insramoncasas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insramoncasas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4265"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insramoncasas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4265\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insramoncasas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4266"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insramoncasas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4265"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insramoncasas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4265"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insramoncasas\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4265"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}