{"id":3719,"date":"2016-05-28T11:26:05","date_gmt":"2016-05-28T09:26:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insllicamunt2\/?p=3719"},"modified":"2016-05-28T12:08:08","modified_gmt":"2016-05-28T10:08:08","slug":"vertebrats-peixos-organitzacio-del-cos-i-funcions-vitals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insllicamunt2\/el-far-dhipatia\/grups\/vertebrats-peixos-organitzacio-del-cos-i-funcions-vitals\/","title":{"rendered":"Peixos. Organitzaci\u00f3 del cos i funcions vitals dels vertebrats"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sabries assenyalar correctament amb el dit la cua d&#8217;un peix? Molt probablement assenyalaries l&#8217;aleta caudal i, per tant, t&#8217;hauries equivocat! La cua en tots els vertebrats comen\u00e7a all\u00e0 on acaba el tronc, aix\u00ed que identificant l&#8217;extrem posterior del cos f\u00e0cilment sabrem on comen\u00e7a la cua: l&#8217;anus es troba al final del tronc, aix\u00ed que la cua d&#8217;un peix, de la mateixa manera que la cua d&#8217;un gos, comen\u00e7a a partir de l&#8217;anus.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/-BRzy9V74PXs\/V0lk3bIqCUI\/AAAAAAAATZs\/Covvct0JOE4w4uJo0-rHh1u-NIvYQFDagCCo\/s800\/IMG_4820.JPG\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Els alumnes de 1r d&#8217;ESO han estudiat mitjan\u00e7ant la pr\u00e0ctica de laboratori n\u00famero 13 de Biologia i Geologia l&#8217;organitzaci\u00f3 externa i interna del cos d&#8217;un peix com a exemple d&#8217;animal vertebrat.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/-amnQ3V8_cvQ\/V0lk3UI-GuI\/AAAAAAAATZs\/tCOfCL1IkFk4_l_0Jh4VXGvFG-pPdI_JACCo\/s800\/IMG_4817.JPG\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El cos es divideix en cap, tronc i cua. Al cap es poden identificar les narines, els ulls, la boca i l&#8217;opercle que protegeix les br\u00e0nquies. Obrint la boca, amb petites dents disposades en l\u00ednia sobre les mand\u00edbules, es pot observar la llengua, dura i punxeguda. Si inserim el dit a l&#8217;interior de la boca localitzarem les br\u00e0nquies als costats, i fins i tot podrem introduir el dit a trav\u00e9s d&#8217;elles obrint els opercles que les oculten. El peix fa passar aigua a trav\u00e9s de les br\u00e0nquies per a obtenir l&#8217;oxigen dissolt. L&#8217;aigua entra per la boca i surt per darrera dels opercles.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/-TqRzbgNQMgg\/V0lk3c9Ve1I\/AAAAAAAATZs\/x2iplkXNPfgvE6DJ3cThRstsDOQFq3JBACCo\/s800\/IMG_4819.JPG\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">En el tronc es pot identificar la major part d&#8217;aletes, que tenen funci\u00f3 de tim\u00f3 i d&#8217;estabilitzador del cos: l&#8217;aleta dorsal, de vegades dividida, sobre l&#8217;esquena, l&#8217;aleta anal just, darrera de l&#8217;anus, el parell d&#8217;aletes pectorals, als costats, i el parell d&#8217;aletes ventrals, sota el cos, just darrera del cap. Una \u00faltima aleta, l&#8217;aleta caudal, al final de la cua, permet impulsar el cos cap endavant.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/-gC5jR8IoAS4\/V0lk3fnRTnI\/AAAAAAAATZs\/SFH2je_tFTwlrs4u9BypBvHCMpjCeg4mACCo\/s800\/IMG_4818.JPG\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Per sobre de les aletes pectorals i al llarg de tot el tronc i la cua se situa la l\u00ednia lateral, \u00f2rgan dels sentits exclusiu dels peixos que els permet recon\u00e8ixer l&#8217;aproximaci\u00f3 d&#8217;altres animals mitjan\u00e7ant la detecci\u00f3 de les vibracions de l&#8217;aigua.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/-uMVG0wxp0mI\/V0lk3cHhxgI\/AAAAAAAATZs\/wFEJ0_sCQr44IHnaUoWIw7AlUmpjg2uIQCCo\/s800\/IMG_4816.JPG\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La dissecci\u00f3 del peix permet observar la cavitat interna on es troben, entre d&#8217;altres, el cor, de forma triangular sota les br\u00e0nquies, el tub digestiu, que ocupa la major part de la cavitat i on destaquen l&#8217;est\u00f3mac, els cecs pil\u00f2rics, el fetge i l&#8217;intest\u00ed, i les g\u00f2nades, que es troben unides a la cloaca, per on alliberen els \u00f2vuls o els espermatozous durant la reproducci\u00f3 sexual externa.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/-4W9kTpnM2iU\/V0lk3cVQ28I\/AAAAAAAATZs\/BDzVXwA21ew4NmgUexHjbhG_OiP6xZXPgCCo\/s800\/IMG_4821.JPG\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Buidant el contingut\u00a0de l&#8217;est\u00f3mac es pot observar l&#8217;aliment consumit si aquest no est\u00e0 encara gaire digerit. Hi hem trobat un seit\u00f3 sencer a dins l&#8217;est\u00f3mac del verat!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/K2HXATNs2ik?rel=0&amp;controls=0&amp;showinfo=0\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sabries assenyalar correctament amb el dit la cua d&#8217;un peix? Molt probablement assenyalaries l&#8217;aleta caudal i, per tant, t&#8217;hauries equivocat! La cua en tots els vertebrats comen\u00e7a all\u00e0 on acaba el tronc, aix\u00ed que identificant l&#8217;extrem posterior del cos f\u00e0cilment sabrem on comen\u00e7a la cua:&hellip;  <a href=\"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insllicamunt2\/el-far-dhipatia\/grups\/vertebrats-peixos-organitzacio-del-cos-i-funcions-vitals\/\" title=\"Read Peixos. Organitzaci\u00f3 del cos i funcions vitals dels vertebrats\">Llegeix m\u00e9s\u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":3724,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,93,99,347,1040,3,346,98,29],"tags":[1213,1059,1192,90,1067,1196,1194,1193,1198,1195,1197],"class_list":["post-3719","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-1r-deso","category-activitats-daula","category-articles","category-biologia-i-geologia","category-el-far-dhipatia","category-grups","category-materies","category-noticies-breus","category-portada","tag-biologia-i-geologia","tag-disseccio","tag-funcions-vitals","tag-laboratori-de-ciencies","tag-nutricio","tag-peix","tag-relacio","tag-reproduccio","tag-tub-digestiu","tag-verat","tag-vertebrat"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insllicamunt2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3719","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insllicamunt2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insllicamunt2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insllicamunt2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insllicamunt2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3719"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insllicamunt2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3719\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3732,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insllicamunt2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3719\/revisions\/3732"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insllicamunt2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3724"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insllicamunt2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3719"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insllicamunt2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3719"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/insllicamunt2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3719"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}