{"id":12512,"date":"2021-11-19T08:44:28","date_gmt":"2021-11-19T07:44:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/inslacetania\/?p=12512"},"modified":"2021-11-19T08:48:25","modified_gmt":"2021-11-19T07:48:25","slug":"detecten-per-primera-vegada-la-llum-que-rebota-darrere-dun-forat-negre","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/inslacetania\/general\/detecten-per-primera-vegada-la-llum-que-rebota-darrere-dun-forat-negre\/","title":{"rendered":"DETECTEN PER PRIMERA VEGADA LA LLUM QUE REBOTA DARRERE D&#8217;UN FORAT NEGRE"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<pre class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"Traducci\u00f3\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"ca\">El camp gravitatori del forat negre doblega l'espai al seu voltant i permet que la llum 'faci ress\u00f2'. Qu\u00e8 significa aquesta detecci\u00f3? Quin \u00e9s el paper de les prediccions d'Einstein en aquest descobriment?<\/span><\/pre>\n<pre class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"Traducci\u00f3\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"ca\">Una nova observaci\u00f3 realitzada en un forat negre permissiu al centre d'una gal\u00e0xia a 800 milions d'anys llum de dist\u00e0ncia ha perm\u00e8s comprendre millor com funciona la radiaci\u00f3 als forats negres, a m\u00e9s de\r\nconfirmar novament les equacions que Albert Einstein va exposar a la seva Teoria de la Relativitat General escrita fa m\u00e9s de cent anys.\r\n\r\n<\/span><\/pre>\n<pre class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"Traducci\u00f3\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"ca\">Es tracta de la primera vegada que s'observa un ress\u00f2 de llum darrere un forat negre. Com que la seva definici\u00f3 \u00e0mpliament estudiada ens dicta, aquests objectes posseeixen una massa tan gran que ni tan sols\r\nla llum pot escapar de la seva extrema gravetat, que doblega el teixit espai-temps al seu voltant. Ara, una nova observaci\u00f3 publicada a l'edici\u00f3 del 28 de juliol de la revista Natura ha aconseguit captar l'\u201ceco\u201d de la llum que rebota en un forat negre. En concret, es tracta de raigs A, llum molt energ\u00e8tica.\r\n\r\n<\/span><\/pre>\n<pre class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"Traducci\u00f3\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"ca\">En un v\u00eddeo explicatiu, el doctor en F\u00edsica de part\u00edcules i divulgador cient\u00edfic Javier Santanella explica el descobriment: \u201cEls forats negres estan envoltats d'un disc de mat\u00e8ria que est\u00e0 caient permanentment\r\n a l'interior, l'anomenat disc d'acreci\u00f3\u201d. Aquest disc pot estar format per un gas interestel\u00b7lar o fins i tot per restes d'alguna estrella companya\u201d.\r\n\r\n<\/span><\/pre>\n<pre class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"Traducci\u00f3\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"ca\">\u201cConforme aquesta mat\u00e8ria es va escalfant, va emetent radiaci\u00f3, \u00e9s a dir, llum\u201d. A causa de la potent gravetat, aquest material no nom\u00e9s es va escalfant, sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 ionitzant, de manera que es genera un plasma,\r\nformant el que es coneix com la corona d'un forat negre\u201d, continua explicant Santanella.\r\n\r\n<\/span><\/pre>\n<pre class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"Traducci\u00f3\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"ca\">Doncs b\u00e9; l'equip cient\u00edfic autor d'aquest descobriment \u2013 \u200b\u200bde la Universitat de Aforestant\u2013 va estudiar aquesta corona el 2020, i el que va trobar va ser un rebot d'aquesta radiaci\u00f3 al disc d'acreci\u00f3; reflex d'aquesta radiaci\u00f3.\r\n\r\n \u201cUna r\u00e0fega retardada i de menor intensitat, igual que passa amb el ress\u00f2 quan est\u00e0s entre dues muntanyes\u201d, exemplifica al v\u00eddeo el divulgador.\r\n\r\n<\/span><\/pre>\n<pre class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"Traducci\u00f3\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"ca\">Per\u00f2 la clau de l'estudi \u00e9s la seg\u00fcent: entre les seves observacions tamb\u00e9 van detectar una altra r\u00e0fega de raigs X rebotant, aquesta vegada, a la part del darrere del forat negre. En concret, els autors ho descriuen com \r\n\u201cllampades addicionals de raigs X que eren m\u00e9s petits, posteriors i de diferents 'colors' que les flamarades brillants\u201d.\r\n\r\n<\/span><\/pre>\n<pre class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"Traducci\u00f3\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"ca\">La distorsi\u00f3 gravitat\u00f2ria a l'entorn del forat negre faria que aquesta radiaci\u00f3 de rebot pass\u00e9s per sobre seu, com si ho salt\u00e9s, arribant fins a nosaltres. Aix\u00f2 coincideix exactament amb les equacions de la Teoria de la Relativitat.\r\n\r\n<\/span><\/pre>\n<pre class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"Traducci\u00f3\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"ca\">L'autor principal de l'estudi, l'astrof\u00edsic Dani Winslet, ho explica aix\u00ed: \"La llum que entra en aquest forat negre no surt, i per aix\u00f2 no haur\u00edem de poder veure res que estigui darrere del forat negre. La ra\u00f3 per la qual podem veure\r\n aix\u00f2 \u00e9s perqu\u00e8 aquest forat negre est\u00e0 deformant l'espai, doblegant la llum i recaragolant els camps magn\u00e8tics al voltant de si mateix\u201d.\r\nMalgrat tot, i com recorda Santanella: \u201cEinstein mai no va estudiar forats negres ni radiaci\u00f3, per\u00f2 aix\u00f2 ens serveix per comprendre com funciona la radiaci\u00f3 en un forat negre, i ens permet comprovar que les equacions de la Relativitat General funcionen; queden molt b\u00e9 a l'estudi\u201d, conclou.\r\n<\/span><\/pre>\n<pre id=\"tw-target-text\" class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"Traducci\u00f3\"><\/pre>\n<pre id=\"tw-target-text\" class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"Traducci\u00f3\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"ca\">\u00a0<\/span><\/pre>\n<pre id=\"tw-target-text\" class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"Traducci\u00f3\"><\/pre>\n<pre id=\"tw-target-text\" class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"Traducci\u00f3\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"ca\">\u00a0<\/span><\/pre>\n<pre id=\"tw-target-text\" class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"Traducci\u00f3\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"ca\">\u00a0<\/span><\/pre>\n<pre id=\"tw-target-text\" class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"Traducci\u00f3\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"ca\">\u00a0<\/span><\/pre>\n<pre id=\"tw-target-text\" class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"Traducci\u00f3\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"ca\">\u00a0<\/span><\/pre>\n<pre id=\"tw-target-text\" class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"Traducci\u00f3\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"ca\">\u00a0<\/span><\/pre>\n<pre id=\"tw-target-text\" class=\"tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta\" data-placeholder=\"Traducci\u00f3\"><span class=\"Y2IQFc\" lang=\"ca\">\u00a0<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; El camp gravitatori del forat negre doblega l&#8217;espai al seu voltant i permet que la llum &#8216;faci ress\u00f2&#8217;. Qu\u00e8 significa aquesta detecci\u00f3? Quin \u00e9s el paper de les prediccions d&#8217;Einstein en aquest descobriment? Una nova observaci\u00f3 realitzada en un forat negre permissiu al centre d&#8217;una gal\u00e0xia a 800 milions d&#8217;anys llum de dist\u00e0ncia ha [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":864,"featured_media":12663,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[267,1,102],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12512","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-experimentals","category-general","category-revista"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/inslacetania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12512","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/inslacetania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/inslacetania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/inslacetania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/864"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/inslacetania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12512"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/inslacetania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12512\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12668,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/inslacetania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12512\/revisions\/12668"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/inslacetania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12663"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/inslacetania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12512"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/inslacetania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12512"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/inslacetania\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12512"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}