{"id":1359,"date":"2018-04-16T14:17:03","date_gmt":"2018-04-16T12:17:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorrent\/?p=1359"},"modified":"2018-04-16T14:17:54","modified_gmt":"2018-04-16T12:17:54","slug":"maternitat-delna","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorrent\/general\/maternitat-delna\/","title":{"rendered":"Maternitat d&#8217;Elna"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1360\" src=\"http:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorrent\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu586\/2018\/04\/IMG-20180413-WA0012-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorrent\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu586\/2018\/04\/IMG-20180413-WA0012-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorrent\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu586\/2018\/04\/IMG-20180413-WA0012-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorrent\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu586\/2018\/04\/IMG-20180413-WA0012-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorrent\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu586\/2018\/04\/IMG-20180413-WA0012-200x150.jpg 200w, https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorrent\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu586\/2018\/04\/IMG-20180413-WA0012.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\">L&#8217;alumnat de 2n de batxillerat ha viatjat a Elna (Fran\u00e7a) per visitar l&#8217;anomenada Maternitat d&#8217;Elna, que\u00a0va ser una instituci\u00f3 humanit\u00e0ria dedicada a ajudar dones, sobretot refugiades de la guerra civil espanyola.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Fins al <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"15 de febrer\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/15_de_febrer\">15 de febrer<\/a> del 1939 van ingressar oficialment al departament franc\u00e8s <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Pirineus Orientals\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pirineus_Orientals\">Pirineus Orientals<\/a> (que llavors tenia uns 230.000 habitants), un total de 353.107 persones, sobretot a peu: fam\u00edlies senceres amb totes les pertinences, que no havien tingut la possibilitat d&#8217;escapar de cap altra manera de la guerra civil.\u00a0El govern franc\u00e8s, impotent davant de la situaci\u00f3, va decidir conduir els exiliats de la zona cap a les platges d&#8217;<a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Argelers de la Marenda\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Argelers_de_la_Marenda\">Argelers<\/a>, a 35\u00a0km de la frontera.\u00a0Les condicions d&#8217;aquests camps van fer que les possibilitats de superviv\u00e8ncia d&#8217;un nad\u00f3 fossin pr\u00e0cticament nul\u00b7les, i, de fet, el part ja comportava un gran perill per a les mares. La mortalitat dels nadons en aquests camps superava el 90%.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">La maternitat va ser fundada el novembre del <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"1939\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1939\">1939<\/a>\u00a0per la su\u00efssa <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Elisabeth Eidenbenz\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Elisabeth_Eidenbenz\">Elisabeth Eidenbenz<\/a>. Hi van n\u00e9ixer uns 600 nens.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Des de l&#8217;esclat de la <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Segona Guerra Mundial\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Segona_Guerra_Mundial\">Segona Guerra Mundial<\/a>, la maternitat va comen\u00e7ar a recollir tamb\u00e9 mares jueves que escapaven de la persecuci\u00f3 <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Nazisme\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nazisme\">nazi<\/a>, i hi van n\u00e9ixer uns 200 nens jueus. Els alemanys van ocupar el sud de Fran\u00e7a el novembre del <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"1942\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1942\">1942<\/a> i els van comen\u00e7ar a buscar per tancar-los als camps d&#8217;extermini. Aquest afany per amagar i salvar jueus va fer que la <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Gestapo\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gestapo\">Gestapo<\/a> fes visites i inspeccions freq\u00fcents a la maternitat, davant de l&#8217;oposici\u00f3 de la directora, i per aix\u00f2, l&#8217;<a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Wehrmacht\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wehrmacht\">ex\u00e8rcit alemany<\/a> va tancar la maternitat la <a style=\"color: #000000;\" title=\"Pasqua de Resurrecci\u00f3\" href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pasqua_de_Resurrecci%C3%B3\">Pasqua<\/a> del 1944.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&#8217;alumnat de 2n de batxillerat ha viatjat a Elna (Fran\u00e7a) per visitar l&#8217;anomenada Maternitat d&#8217;Elna, que\u00a0va ser una instituci\u00f3 humanit\u00e0ria dedicada a ajudar dones, sobretot refugiades de la guerra civil espanyola.\u00a0 Fins al 15 de febrer del 1939 van ingressar oficialment al departament franc\u00e8s Pirineus Orientals (que llavors tenia uns 230.000 habitants), un total de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1360,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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