{"id":5782,"date":"2022-03-23T21:13:14","date_gmt":"2022-03-23T20:13:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorredelpalau\/?p=5782"},"modified":"2022-03-23T21:22:01","modified_gmt":"2022-03-23T20:22:01","slug":"xerrada-sobre-el-conflicte-ducraina-russia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorredelpalau\/general\/xerrada-sobre-el-conflicte-ducraina-russia\/","title":{"rendered":"Xerrada sobre el conflicte d\u2019Ucra\u00efna-R\u00fassia"},"content":{"rendered":"

Aquesta setmana a 3ESO hem tingut a Josep Puigsech, professor de la UAB i especialista en R\u00fassia. Ha comen\u00e7at explicat els or\u00edgens. Ucra\u00efna \u00e9s un pa\u00eds de l\u2019Est d\u2019Europa que formava part de la Uni\u00f3 Sovi\u00e8tica (URSS), una federaci\u00f3 de pa\u00efsos liderada per R\u00fassia que va existir entre el 1922 i el 1991. Despr\u00e9s de la dissoluci\u00f3 de l\u2019URSS el 91, van sorgir diversos pa\u00efsos com Mold\u00e0via, Bielor\u00fassia, Litu\u00e0nia, Georgia, Arm\u00e8nia, Ucra\u00efna, entre d\u2019altres.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aix\u00ed, Moscou acabava absorbint la major part del territori ucra\u00efn\u00e8s i una petita part va acabar a mans poloneses. Des de 1764 fins l\u2019actualitat, ha patit un proc\u00e9s de russificaci\u00f3 i a la inversa, d\u2019ucranitzaci\u00f3, per\u00f2 sempre des d\u2019una l\u00f2gica d\u2019hegemonia russa. Cal tenir present els lla\u00e7os de sang, una din\u00e0mica d\u2019interrelaci\u00f3 entre ucra\u00efnesos i russos.<\/span><\/p>\n

Les espurnes que ha fet encendre el conflicte v\u00e9nen de lluny. El primer factor: l\u2019OTAN, organitzaci\u00f3 creada a partir del 1949, pocs anys despr\u00e9s de la finalitzaci\u00f3 de la II Guerra Mundial. La desencertada gesti\u00f3 de la vict\u00f2ria de la Guerra Freda per part occidental. Els pa\u00efsos occidentals liderats per Estats Units van acordar no estendre la seva influ\u00e8ncia vers l\u2019Est. Aix\u00f2 en un primer moment es respecta per\u00f2 a partir de finals dels 90\u2019s comen\u00e7a a trencar-se. En Josep ens fa una comparaci\u00f3 amb lo que seria la crisi dels m\u00edssils nuclears sovi\u00e8tics a Cuba de 1962 que va fer amena\u00e7ar als Estats Units amb un atac nuclear. El fet que l\u2019OTAN ofereixi als ex-pa\u00efsos sat\u00e8l\u00b7lits de la URSS, com ara Ucra\u00efna, entrar-hi, \u00e9s per a R\u00fassia un \u201cinsult\u201d o \u201camena\u00e7a\u201d, de fet, significa situar armament nuclear \u201cenemic\u201d a les pr\u00f2pies fronteres russes.<\/span><\/p>\n

A m\u00e9s a m\u00e9s un segon element que ha acabat d\u2019encendre l\u2019espurna ha estat l\u2019elecci\u00f3 de l\u2019\u00faltim president ucra\u00efn\u00e8s, en Zelenski des del 2014, i la seva pol\u00edtica de fustigament vers els Donbas (zona pro-russes dins Ucra\u00efna). Un fustigament en forma d\u2019atac a la llengua russa, marginalitzaci\u00f3 socioecon\u00f2mica d\u2019aquelles zones, etc. El 2014 a Donetsk i Lugansk va haver un refer\u00e8ndum il\u00b7legal en aquestes zones i va proclamar la independ\u00e8ncia. A partir d\u2019aquest moment, el govern ucrania va utilitzar la for\u00e7a contra els l\u00edders de les zones rebels.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

El 2014 es pot considerar un punt d\u2019inflexi\u00f3 sense retorn i alhora una escalada de tensions en que es comencen a fomentar enfrontament entre manifestants i forces policials a la zona del Donbas.<\/span><\/p>\n

Els alumnes van preguntar un reguitzell de q\u00fcestions com per exemple: Com pot acabar tot\u00a0<\/span>aquest conflicte? En Josep preveu tres escenaris. En primer terme, una ocupaci\u00f3 militar que pot anar avan\u00e7at cap, per exemple, a Transn\u00edstria. Una segona possibilitat, que els Estats Units utilitzin armament at\u00f2mic. I la tercera, m\u00e9s assenyada per\u00f2 que suposa claudicaci\u00f3 de les dues parts. Una soluci\u00f3 que evidencia que Ucra\u00efna no \u00e9s un estat sobir\u00e0.<\/span><\/p>\n

En definitiva, esperem que el seny s\u2019imposi i les diferents parts puguin aturar aquesta escalada de tensions.<\/span><\/p>\n

Moltes gr\u00e0cies Josep per la teva generositat! Ha estat una xerrada molt clarificadora!.<\/span><\/p>\n

Eva Giner – Dep.Socials<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a> \"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Aquesta setmana a 3ESO hem tingut a Josep Puigsech, professor de la UAB i especialista en R\u00fassia. Ha comen\u00e7at explicat els or\u00edgens. Ucra\u00efna \u00e9s un pa\u00eds de l\u2019Est d\u2019Europa que formava part de la Uni\u00f3 Sovi\u00e8tica (URSS), una federaci\u00f3 de pa\u00efsos liderada per R\u00fassia que va existir entre el 1922 i el 1991. Despr\u00e9s de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":5785,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[147,6,1,107,29],"tags":[132,164],"class_list":["post-5782","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dep-socials","category-eso-3","category-general","category-noticies-del-centre","category-portada","tag-3reso","tag-departament-de-socials"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorredelpalau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5782","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorredelpalau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorredelpalau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorredelpalau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorredelpalau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5782"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorredelpalau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5782\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5787,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorredelpalau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5782\/revisions\/5787"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorredelpalau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5785"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorredelpalau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5782"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorredelpalau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5782"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iestorredelpalau\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5782"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}