{"id":1016,"date":"2012-05-30T13:23:00","date_gmt":"2012-05-30T11:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iescorbera\/general\/club-de-lectura-8\/"},"modified":"2016-11-04T14:00:50","modified_gmt":"2016-11-04T13:00:50","slug":"club-de-lectura-8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iescorbera\/general\/club-de-lectura-8\/","title":{"rendered":"Club de Lectura"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"center\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"center\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"><a style=\"clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;\" href=\"http:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/-zwQYDPXwJ3E\/T8YC0cvze-I\/AAAAAAAABuM\/JAQndL5hDBU\/s1600\/conrad-llosa.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/-zwQYDPXwJ3E\/T8YC0cvze-I\/AAAAAAAABuM\/JAQndL5hDBU\/s1600\/conrad-llosa.jpg\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;\">JOSEPH CONRAD<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><b><i><span style=\"font-family: Garamond, serif; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;\">\u25ba <\/span><\/i><\/b><b><i><span style=\"font-family: Garamond, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;\">El cor de les tenebres<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Garamond, serif; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;\">Labutxaca (cat.) Alianza ed. (cast.)<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;\">MARIO VARGAS LLOSA<\/span><\/b><b><i><\/i><\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><b><i><span style=\"font-family: Garamond, serif; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;\">\u25ba El sue\u00f1o del celta<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Garamond, serif; font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%;\">Alfaguara (cast.) Punto de lectura (cast.)<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Monotype Corsiva'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Juny 2012<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><\/div>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"CA\" style=\"font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 11.5pt; line-height: 115%;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;\">Els textos que proposem tot seguit \u2014<\/span><i style=\"font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;\">El cor de les tenebres, de Joseph Conrad i El sue\u00f1o del celta, de Mario Vargas Llosa<\/i><span style=\"font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;\">\u2014 mantenen entre si la tensi\u00f3 pr\u00f2pia d\u2019aquelles obres que han nascut de la necessitat de revisar cr\u00edticament el plantejament d\u2019altres anteriors, retornant gaireb\u00e9 als mateixos escenaris, a la mateixa realitat hist\u00f2rica, en un intent d\u2019oferir una perspectiva diferent d\u2019aquesta, un retrat m\u00e9s fidedigne i real, un judici m\u00e9s objectiu de la q\u00fcesti\u00f3 dilucidada, que en el cas que ens ocupa gira al voltant de la pregunta que interroga sobre qui ha de ser qualificat de \u201csalvatge\u201d en les relacions entre colonitzadors i ind\u00edgenes, sobre qui ha de caure l\u2019acusaci\u00f3 d\u2019inhumanitat.<\/span><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;\">Tot i compartir en gran mesura l\u2019espai geogr\u00e0fic \u2014el Congo dominat pels belgues sota el regnat de Leopold II\u2014 i el marc temporal \u2014la darrera d\u00e8cada del segle XIX i primera del XX\u2014 ens trobem davant de dos textos ben diferents. El de Vargas Llosa mostra des de bon comen\u00e7ament quin \u00e9s el somni del celta, l\u2019anhel de Roger Casement, aquell c\u00f2nsol brit\u00e0nic d\u2019origen irland\u00e8s que abra\u00e7\u00e0 la causa dels ind\u00edgenes explotats i maltractats pels agents de les companyes colonials, denunciant la crueltat i els abusos de qu\u00e8 foren objecte tant en el Congo com al Per\u00fa \u2014den\u00fancia que despert\u00e0 en ell la consci\u00e8ncia que Irlanda, sotmesa a Gran Bretanya en aquest moment (no va ser fins a 1922 que es va independitzar), vivia tamb\u00e9 dominada per una pot\u00e8ncia que ofegava les seves \u00e0nsies de llibertat. Per contra, El cor de les tenebres encara es resisteix a desvetllar-nos les tenebres del seu cor literari, la clau de la fascinaci\u00f3 que continua exercint a trav\u00e9s d\u2019unes p\u00e0gines d\u2019intensitat inusual i caire pertorbador. I \u00e9s que tot i que la trama argumental esdev\u00e9 aparentment senzilla \u2014quan la nit cau a la riba del riu T\u00e0mesi, un mariner, en Marlow, relata a uns amics el seu viatge remuntant les aig\u00fces del riu Congo per rellevar un agent comercial, Kurtz, que es trobava greument malalt\u2014 i la t\u00e8cnica liter\u00e0ria f\u00e0cilment es descobreix com una narraci\u00f3 dins d\u2019una narraci\u00f3 on el personatge d\u2019en Marlow actua com a veritable alter ego de l\u2019autor, la calculada ambig\u00fcitat de l\u2019estil de Conrad, que esbossa m\u00e9s que no pas explicita, dificulta desvelar el veritable tema de fons d\u2019aquesta novel\u00b7la. <\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;\">No obstant, a trav\u00e9s de l\u2019an\u00e0lisi del personatge de Kurtz, l\u2019experi\u00e8ncia vital del qual ha trasbalsat l\u2019\u00e0nima d\u2019en Marlow, trobem la pista d\u2019all\u00f2 que Conrad planteja en aquesta obra, el tema de fons al qual ens refer\u00edem; una idea que es podria resumir aix\u00ed: enmig de la solitud m\u00e9s absoluta, lluny de la civilitzaci\u00f3 i de les normes reguladores \u2014moltes d\u2019elles prohibitives\u2014, al marge de qualsevol policia de la moral i els costums, l\u2019\u00e9sser hum\u00e0 torna a sentir la fascinaci\u00f3 pel costat fosc de la seva \u00e0nima, la seducci\u00f3 d\u2019all\u00f2 abominable, la veu de l\u2019instint amena\u00e7ant de silenciar tota altra veu. I aleshores, sense frens que obstaculitzin la satisfacci\u00f3 dels apetits, endinsat en el si de la selva, l\u2019home experimenta la temptaci\u00f3 de deixar-se posseir per ella. Aquest va ser el dest\u00ed d\u2019en Kurtz, l\u2019agent de la Companya colonial que va partir d\u2019Europa amb idees filantr\u00f2piques i redemptores del primitivisme dels costums dels ind\u00edgenes de la conca del riu Congo i que, enmig de l\u2019aclaparadora solitud de la selva, va escoltar el murmuri irresistible i fascinant d\u2019aquesta que li va despertar passions monstruoses finalment satisfetes. Kurtz va descobrir a la selva una veritat despullada de la capa del temps, una for\u00e7a implacable que el va fetillar tot fent embogir la seva \u00e0nima fins a l\u2019extrem que el personatge que troba finalment Marlow ja no \u00e9s aquell home d\u2019idees conven\u00e7ut que el capitalisme europeu complia una funci\u00f3 civilitzadora i moralitzant, sin\u00f3 un moribund sumit en el deliri, incapa\u00e7 d\u2019articular un altre mot que \u00ab\u00a1el horror!\u00bb, paraula amb la qual resumeix davant d\u2019en Marlow el que ha esdevingut la seva vida en aquella solitud. <\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;\">I \u00e9s que la selva no \u00e9s a l\u2019obra de Conrad un simple entorn geogr\u00e0fic. Part de la dificultat d\u2019aquesta novel\u00b7la rau en el fet que Conrad fa de la selva un personatge metaf\u00edsic, un adversari sense rostre i alhora amena\u00e7ant que \u201cen la seva quietud ens contempla amb aire venjatiu\u201d i \u201cens aconsella en un xiuxiueig inintel\u00b7ligible\u201d el cam\u00ed que condueix als primer segles del nostre passat. \u00c9s el personatge que, conscient que els colonitzadors han arribat per arrabassar els seus tresors com a simples bandits que forcen una caixa fort, s\u2019acaba venjant de la invasi\u00f3 de qu\u00e8 ha estat objecte convertint als lladres en all\u00f2 que finalment ha esdevingut en Kurtz: irracionalitat atro\u00e7.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;\">Ara b\u00e9, \u00bfno va tenir aquesta malaltia els seus primers s\u00edmptomes en la cobd\u00edcia de l\u2019home europeu? \u00bfNo portava aquest la selva ja dins, latent, molt abans d\u2019arribar als tr\u00f2pics, amagada a les bodegues dels vaixells plenes de fuets per descarregar-los sobre les esquenes dels ind\u00edgenes? En fi, \u00bfhem d\u2019abandonar el Vell Continent per trobar cors de tenebres? <\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;\">[A.D.]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>JOSEPH CONRAD \u25ba El cor de les tenebres Labutxaca (cat.) Alianza ed. (cast.) \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 MARIO VARGAS LLOSA \u25ba El sue\u00f1o del celta Alfaguara (cast.) Punto de lectura (cast.) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Juny 2012<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[106,1],"tags":[137],"class_list":["post-1016","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bibl","category-general","tag-clubdelectura"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iescorbera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1016","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iescorbera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iescorbera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iescorbera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iescorbera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1016"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iescorbera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1016\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1527,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iescorbera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1016\/revisions\/1527"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iescorbera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1016"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iescorbera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1016"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iescorbera\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1016"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}