{"id":2040,"date":"2020-01-17T12:18:51","date_gmt":"2020-01-17T11:18:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iesagustiserra\/?p=2040"},"modified":"2020-02-05T12:08:16","modified_gmt":"2020-02-05T11:08:16","slug":"cientifics-construeixen-els-primers-robots-vius","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iesagustiserra\/projectes\/diari-digital\/cientifics-construeixen-els-primers-robots-vius\/","title":{"rendered":"Diari digital: Cient\u00edfics construeixen els primers robots vius"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Un equip de cient\u00edfics ha emprat c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare d&#8217;embrions de granota per crear una forma de vida \u00abcompletament nova\u00bb. Es tracta d&#8217;unes petites \u00abm\u00e0quines vives\u00bb de tot just uns mil\u00b7l\u00edmetres de longitud que es poden moure cap a un objectiu i curar-se a si mateixes despr\u00e9s de ser tallades. Els seus \u00abpares\u00bb, investigadors de les universitats de Vermont i Tufts (EUA), les han batejat com \u00abxenobots\u00bb per Xenopus laevis, l&#8217;esp\u00e8cie d&#8217;amfibi afric\u00e0 de la qual han obtingut el material gen\u00e8tic. Segons expliquen a la revista \u00abProceedings of the National Science\u00bb (PNAS), aquests robots podrien ser utilitzats per portar medicaments de forma intel\u00b7ligent per l&#8217;interior de el cos d&#8217;un pacient o en l&#8217;eliminaci\u00f3 de residus t\u00f2xics.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-2049 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iesagustiserra\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1681\/2020\/01\/descarga-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"422\" height=\"260\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00abNo s\u00f3n un robot tradicional ni una esp\u00e8cie coneguda d&#8217;animals. \u00c9s una nova classe d&#8217;artefacte: un organisme viu i programable\u00bb, assegura Joshua Bongard, expert en inform\u00e0tica i rob\u00f2tica de la Universitat de Vermont (EUA) i un dels m\u00e0xims responsables de l&#8217;estudi. Per primera vegada, els investigadors diuen haver creat \u00abm\u00e0quines completament biol\u00f2giques des de zero\u00bb.<\/p>\n<div class=\"dURPtb\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les noves criatures, que treballen durant uns set dies per despr\u00e9s patir una mort \u00abtotalment biodegradable\u00bb, van ser dissenyades en un superordinador a Vermont. Un algoritme va crear milers de dissenys candidats en una mir\u00edada de formes i formes corporals per intentar executar una tasca assignada pels cient\u00edfics, com la locomoci\u00f3 en una direcci\u00f3. A mesura que els programes s&#8217;executaven, impulsats per regles b\u00e0siques sobre el que poden fer les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules card\u00edaques i de la pell de la granota, els organismes simulats m\u00e9s reeixits es van mantenir i van refinar, mentre que els dissenys fallits es van descartar. Despr\u00e9s de cent execucions independents de l&#8217;algoritme, es van seleccionar els dissenys m\u00e9s prometedors per a la prova.<\/p>\n<div class=\"jhH5U\">\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"jhH5U\">\n<div id=\"tw-ob\" class=\"tw-src-ltr\">\n<div class=\"oSioSc\">\n<div id=\"tw-target\">\n<div id=\"kAz1tf\" class=\"g9WsWb\">\n<div class=\"iYB33c\">\n<div class=\"dlJLJe\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un equip de cient\u00edfics ha emprat c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare d&#8217;embrions de granota per crear una forma de vida \u00abcompletament nova\u00bb. Es tracta d&#8217;unes petites \u00abm\u00e0quines vives\u00bb de tot just uns mil\u00b7l\u00edmetres de longitud <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":2081,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[158,165],"tags":[141,206,57,191],"class_list":["post-2040","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-diari-digital","category-noticies-dactualitat","tag-catala","tag-curs-19-20","tag-expressio-escrita","tag-tic"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iesagustiserra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2040","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iesagustiserra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iesagustiserra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iesagustiserra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/30"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iesagustiserra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2040"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iesagustiserra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2040\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2394,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iesagustiserra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2040\/revisions\/2394"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iesagustiserra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2081"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iesagustiserra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2040"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iesagustiserra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2040"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/iesagustiserra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2040"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}