{"id":2829,"date":"2016-05-16T17:39:32","date_gmt":"2016-05-16T16:39:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/?p=2829"},"modified":"2016-05-17T16:50:31","modified_gmt":"2016-05-17T15:50:31","slug":"la-legionel%c2%b7la-i-limportancia-del-seu-control","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/modul-a\/la-legionel%c2%b7la-i-limportancia-del-seu-control\/","title":{"rendered":"La legionel\u00b7la i l&#8217;import\u00e0ncia del seu control"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/sgmtoledo.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/legionella.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" \/><\/p>\n<p><b>Que \u00e9s la Legionel\u00b7la?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Legionel\u00b7la \u00e9s el nom com\u00fa del g\u00e8nere <\/span><b><i>Legionella<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, que agrupa un grup de bacteris aerobis amb forma de bacil. Viuen en aig\u00fces estancades o circuits d\u2019aigua tancada i son capa\u00e7es de soportar un ampli rang de temperatura, des dels 20\u00baC fins als 60\u00baC. El seu creixement es veu afavorit per la pres\u00e8ncia de mat\u00e8ria org\u00e0nica, entre altres factors. Trobem moltes subclases de Legionel\u00b7la per\u00f2 totes elles poden causar problemes per la salut de les persones.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><b>Quins riscos t\u00e9 per<\/b><b> les persones?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">El principal vector de contagi de la Legionel\u00b7la \u00e9s a trav\u00e9s de petites gotes d\u2019aigua en forma d\u2019aerosols. Si la legionel\u00b7la entra a les nostres vies respirat\u00f2ries, pot originar una malaltia coneguda com a legionel\u00b7losi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Els s\u00edmptomes de la legionel\u00b7losi comporten; febre alta, escalfreds, tos i algunes vegades, dolors musculars i de cap. Altres tipus de pneum\u00f2nia tamb\u00e9 tenen s\u00edmptomes similars. Probablement es necessitar\u00e0 una radiografia de t\u00f2rax per diagnosticar la pneum\u00f2nia i a trav\u00e9s dels an\u00e0lisis de laboratori es pot detectar el bacteri espec\u00edfic que causa la legionel\u00b7losi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No totes les persones exposades a aquest bacteri, son diagnosticades de legionelosi. \u00a0Nom\u00e9s acostumen a ser infectades, les persones amb major risc, que s\u00f3n aquelles que presenten uns factors de risc, com:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tenir m\u00e9s de 50 anys<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fumar<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tenir una malaltia pulmonar cr\u00f2nica<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tenir un sistema immunitari d\u00e8bil<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Com es controla?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Per evitar possibles casos de legionel\u00b7losi en les persones, des de l\u2019administraci\u00f3 \u00e9s t\u00e9 l\u2019obligaci\u00f3 de controlar les instal\u00b7lacions que poden desenvolupar legionel\u00b7la, essent un risc potencial per a la poblaci\u00f3. Dintre d\u2019aquest conjunt d\u2019instal\u00b7lacions trobem les d\u2019alt risc (com una torre de refrigeraci\u00f3, sistemes d\u2019aigua calenta sanit\u00e0ria amb acumulador) i \u00a0les de baix risc (com un sistema de reg per aspersi\u00f3, o un t\u00fanel de rentatge).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aquest conjunt d\u2019instal\u00b7lacions i el seu control, estan establertes pel Reial Decret 865\/2003 i en regim auton\u00f2mic pel Decret 352\/2004, en el qual s\u2019estableix que la Generalitat t\u00e9 l\u2019obligaci\u00f3 de controlar totes les instal\u00b7lacions d\u2019alt risc i els municipis tenen la compet\u00e8ncia de controlar totes les instal\u00b7lacions de baix risc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Des del Departament de Salut de l\u2019Ajuntament de l\u2019Hospitalet, lloc on estic fent les pr\u00e0ctiques d\u2019empesa actualment, es t\u00e9 un conveni en el qual es reparteixen les compet\u00e8ncies entre la Generalitat i aquest departament municipal.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aquest conjunt de controls es divideixen tant en la presa de mostra per a comprovar l\u2019estat de l\u2019aigua tant a nivell fisicoqu\u00edmic com micro<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">biol\u00f2gic, com en el control de la instal\u00b7laci\u00f3 per a con\u00e8ixer possibles vectors de risc i evitar-los.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Totes les visites, van acompanyades de un an\u00e0lisi in situ dels nivells de clor lliure i total mitjan\u00e7ant un color\u00edmetre. Aix\u00f2 es realitza per con\u00e8ixer que el clor lliure es troba dintre dels par\u00e0metres que compleix la legislaci\u00f3 i evitar que l\u2019aigua quedi sense els nivells de desinfecci\u00f3 m\u00ednims.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vista a una instal\u00b7laci\u00f3 de baix risc (Rec per aspersi\u00f3 \u00a0del camp de rugbi municipal d\u2019Hospitalet):<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Actuacions a Realitzar:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1) Actualitzaci\u00f3 del cens dels equipaments a inspeccionar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 2) Planificaci\u00f3 i realitzaci\u00f3 de les inspeccions i de la presa de mostres.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 3) Aplicaci\u00f3 de mesures en funci\u00f3 de la inspecci\u00f3 i dels resultats anal\u00edtics obtinguts.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4) Avaluaci\u00f3 del programa.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu644\/2016\/05\/20160511_114521.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"  wp-image-2833 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu644\/2016\/05\/20160511_114521-576x1024.jpg\" alt=\"20160511_114521\" width=\"277\" height=\"493\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu644\/2016\/05\/20160511_114521-576x1024.jpg 576w, https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu644\/2016\/05\/20160511_114521-169x300.jpg 169w, https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu644\/2016\/05\/20160511_114521.jpg 1836w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 277px) 100vw, 277px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Visita a una instal\u00b7laci\u00f3 d\u2019alt risc (dutxes i acumuladors d\u2019un poliesportiu):<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0Actuacions a Realitzar:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1) Actualitzaci\u00f3 del cens dels equipaments a inspeccionar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 2) Planificaci\u00f3 i realitzaci\u00f3 de les inspeccions i de la presa de mostres.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3) Aplicaci\u00f3 de mesures en funci\u00f3 de la inspecci\u00f3 i dels resultats anal\u00edtics obtinguts.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4) Avaluaci\u00f3 del programa.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"  wp-image-2835 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu644\/2016\/05\/20160511_120450-576x1024.jpg\" alt=\"20160511_120450\" width=\"255\" height=\"453\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu644\/2016\/05\/20160511_120450-576x1024.jpg 576w, https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu644\/2016\/05\/20160511_120450-169x300.jpg 169w, https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu644\/2016\/05\/20160511_120450.jpg 1836w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 255px) 100vw, 255px\" \/><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2834\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2834\" style=\"width: 246px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu644\/2016\/05\/20160511_1201281.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"  wp-image-2834\" src=\"http:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu644\/2016\/05\/20160511_1201281-576x1024.jpg\" alt=\"20160511_120128\" width=\"246\" height=\"438\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu644\/2016\/05\/20160511_1201281-576x1024.jpg 576w, https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu644\/2016\/05\/20160511_1201281-169x300.jpg 169w, https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu644\/2016\/05\/20160511_1201281.jpg 1836w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 246px) 100vw, 246px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2834\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Material per a l&#8217;inspecci\u00f3: Termometre amb sonda, Torunda, recipient est\u00e8ril (an\u00e0lisi microbi\u00f2logic) i recipient no est\u00e8ril (par\u00e0metres f\u00edsico-qu\u00edmics)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A difer\u00e8ncia de les instal\u00b7lacions de baix risc, es pren una mostra d\u2019aigua, per a realitzar els par\u00e0metres qu\u00edmics i obtindr\u00e9 informaci\u00f3 addicional sobre les condicions de la instal\u00b7laci\u00f3 i si compleix les caracter\u00edstiques per a la formaci\u00f3 de legionel\u00b7la a (com per exemple un elevat nombre de sediments, pres\u00e8ncia de ferro, l\u2019Alcalinitat (TAC) i l\u2019\u00edndex de Langelier.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Que \u00e9s la Legionel\u00b7la? Legionel\u00b7la \u00e9s el nom com\u00fa del g\u00e8nere Legionella, que agrupa un grup de bacteris aerobis amb [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":47,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[173],"tags":[283],"class_list":["post-2829","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-modul-a","tag-microbiologia"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2829","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/47"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2829"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2829\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2862,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2829\/revisions\/2862"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2829"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2829"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/ies-merce-rodoreda\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2829"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}