{"id":21974,"date":"2020-09-21T11:56:16","date_gmt":"2020-09-21T09:56:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/escolasaavedra\/?page_id=21974"},"modified":"2021-03-02T12:21:41","modified_gmt":"2021-03-02T11:21:41","slug":"excel-i-google-fulls-de-calcul","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/escolasaavedra\/formacio\/2020-2021\/nivell-inicial\/excel-i-google-fulls-de-calcul\/","title":{"rendered":"Excel i Google Fulls de C\u00e0lcul"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4>1.- Estructura b\u00e0sica \u2192 Les cel\u00b7les<\/h4>\n<p>Un full de c\u00e0lcul es divideix en cel\u00b7les, unes caselles que contindran la informaci\u00f3 que desitgem, ja sigui text, xifres o una combinaci\u00f3 alfanum\u00e8rica. Com en el m\u00edtic joc creat a finals del segle XIX anomenat &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/ca.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Enfonsar_la_flota\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Enfonsar la flota<\/a>&#8221; les cel\u00b7les s&#8217;organitzen cartesianament en lletres a l&#8217;eix de la X (horitzontalment) i en n\u00fameros a l&#8217;eix de la Y (verticalment). Aix\u00ed podem trobar les ce\u00b7les A1, B5, C13, &#8230;<\/p>\n<p>Una cel\u00b7la \u00e9s pot eixamplar horitzontalment o engrandir verticalment tan com calgui, sent conscients que aquest canvi de mida afectar\u00e0 a totes les cel\u00b7les amb la mateix lletra, i a les del mateix n\u00famero, \u00e9s a dir, si fem la cel\u00b7la F5 m\u00e9s gran en horitzontal i vertical, totes les cel\u00b7les que tinguin la lletra F tindran la mateixa amplada, i totes les cel\u00b7les de la fila 5 tindran la mida vertical.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Les cel\u00b7les, com es una taula de processador de textos (Microsoft Word o Google Docs), es poden pintar de color o canviar el color i la forma dels contorns. Tamb\u00e9 es poden combinar cel\u00b7les adjacents tant verticalment com horitzontalment, per\u00f2 sempre en forma rectangular, mai en forma de L, per exemple.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/xFGXDHZ_KP0\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h4>2.- Relacionar cel\u00b7les entre si<\/h4>\n<p>Podem vincular el contingut d&#8217;una cel\u00b7la (per exemple G4) al contingut d&#8217;una altra (per exemple J6), de manera que quan canviem el contingut de la cel\u00b7la J6 es canvi\u00ef autom\u00e0ticament el valor de la cel\u00b7la G4.<\/p>\n<p>Per fer aquesta relaci\u00f3 escriurem dins la cel\u00b7la J6 el seg\u00fcent text =G4, sigui manualment o b\u00e9 sigui escrivint = a l&#8217;interior de la cel\u00b7la i fent clic amb el ratol\u00ed sobre la cel\u00b7la G4.<\/p>\n<p>Aquest tipus de relacions, i d&#8217;altres molt m\u00e9s complexes les aprendrem a utilizar m\u00e9s endavant i seran la base de l&#8217;\u00e8xit dels fulls de c\u00e0lcul, ja que ens permetran fer infinitats de relacions diferents amb un sol clic.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Si seleccionem una cel\u00b7la, ens apareixer\u00e0 un marc negre al voltant amb un quadrat al v\u00e8rtex inferior dret. Fent clic en aquest quadradet i arrastrant-lo en vertical o hortizontal, farem que les cel\u00b7les seleccionades tinguin la mateixa relaci\u00f3 que la original. Per exemple si arrastrem la cel\u00b7la B4 (que tenia relaci\u00f3 =A4) cap a B5 farem que B5 tingui la mateixa relaci\u00f3 que tenia B4, en aquest cas ser\u00e0 =A5<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/FsdKsgovMj0\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h4>3.- Format de les cel\u00b7les<\/h4>\n<p>El text de les cel\u00b7les es pot modificar de la mateixa manera que ho fem en un processador de textos (Microsoft Word o Google Docs) pel que fa a la mida, el color, la font, negreta o it\u00e0tica o subratllada, &#8230; la podem aliniar a l&#8217;esquerra, centre, dreta o justificat, per\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 a dalt, centre o baix de la cel\u00b7la amb les tecles corresponents.<\/p>\n<p>Tamb\u00e9 podem inclinar-la o ajustar-lo a la mida de la cel\u00b7la amb la tecla <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-22269\" src=\"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/escolasaavedra\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu587\/2020\/10\/Captura-de-Pantalla-2020-10-20-a-les-22.32.39.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"115\" height=\"30\" \/>\u00a0amb dues opcions diferenciades:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ajustar el text<\/strong> \u2192 Mantenint el tipus de lletra i la seva mida i mantenint l&#8217;amplada de la cel\u00b7la, fa que la cel\u00b7la sigui tant alta es necessiti per a encabir-hi el text.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Reduir fins a ajustar<\/strong> \u2192 Mantenint la mida de la cel\u00b7la, far\u00e0 et text tant petit com sigui necessari per encabir-lo, tot i que sigui impossible de llegir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Utilitzant la tecla de la brotxa de pintor, podem copiar el format d&#8217;una cel\u00b7la i aplicar-la a una altra.<br \/>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/MTaQjuzfbmM\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h4>4.- Introducci\u00f3 a f\u00f3rmules b\u00e0siques matem\u00e0tiques<\/h4>\n<p>Les f\u00f3rmules matem\u00e0tiques, siguin simples o complexes, es fonamenten en les relacions entre cel\u00b7les que hem explicat abans.<\/p>\n<p>A les matem\u00e0tiques, habitualment utilitzem el signe igual (=) al final de l&#8217;operaci\u00f3, per\u00f2 els documents de fulls de c\u00e0lcul l&#8217;utilitzen a l&#8217;inici. Aix\u00ed el programa reconeix que aquella cel\u00b7la \u00e9s una cel\u00b7la amb una f\u00f3rmula matem\u00e0tica. Si sobre el paper escribim 5+6= i esperem una resposta (11), al full de c\u00e0lcul, per rebre una resposta (11) li haurem de dir =5+6.<\/p>\n<p>Si a la cel\u00b7la A2 hi tenim un valor num\u00e8ric de 12, i a la cel\u00b7la B2 hi tenim un valor num\u00e8ric de 3 podem fer que la cel\u00b7la C2 sigui el resultat d&#8217;una operaci\u00f3 matem\u00e0tica simple. Si escrivim a la cel\u00b7la c2 el seg\u00fcent, ens donar\u00e0 com a resultat&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px;\">=A2+B2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u2192 \u00a0 \u00a015 \u00a0 \u00a0(la suma es representa amb +)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px;\">=A2-B2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u2192 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 9 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0(la resta es representa amb -)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px;\">=A2*B2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u2192 \u00a0 \u00a036 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(la multiplicaci\u00f3 es representa amb *)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 120px;\">=A2\/B2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u2192 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 4 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (la divisi\u00f3 es representa amb \/)<\/p>\n<p>Si canviem els valors de les ce\u00b7les A2 o B2, autom\u00e0ticament canviar\u00e0 el valor de C2, perqu\u00e8 C2 \u00e9s una cel\u00b7la depenent de les altres dues.<\/p>\n<p>Tamb\u00e9 hi podem fer operacions combinades amb la implicaci\u00f3 de dues, tres, quatre, cinc o dues-centes cel\u00b7les, sempre i quan escrivim la f\u00f3rmula linial i respectant els ordres d&#8217;operaci\u00f3 utilitzant els par\u00e8ntesis ( ).<\/p>\n<p>Si tenim que A2=12, B2=3 i C2=4, la cel\u00b7la D2 ser\u00e0 igual a 84 si hi escrivim =A2*(B2+C2) o ser\u00e0 igual a 40 si hi escrivim =(A2*B2)+C2<\/p>\n<p>Podem fer totes les operacions matem\u00e0tiques que ens convingui, com una equaci\u00f3. Per exemple volen resoldre 3x-3=12. Aleshores posarem a la cel\u00b7la B5=3 i B6=12. Per obtenir el resultat a la cel\u00b7la B7 hi escriurem =(B6+B5)\/B5 ja que haurem a\u00efllat la X<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">3x-3=12<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">3x=12+3<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">x=(12+3)\/3<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">=(B6+B5)\/B5<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/rTz3VcBBne8\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1.- Estructura b\u00e0sica \u2192 Les cel\u00b7les Un full de c\u00e0lcul es divideix en cel\u00b7les, unes caselles que contindran la informaci\u00f3 que desitgem, ja sigui text, xifres o una combinaci\u00f3 alfanum\u00e8rica. Com en el m\u00edtic joc creat a finals del segle XIX anomenat &#8220;Enfonsar la flota&#8221; les cel\u00b7les s&#8217;organitzen cartesianament en lletres a l&#8217;eix de la [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":21908,"menu_order":6,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/side-menu.php","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-21974","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/escolasaavedra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21974","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/escolasaavedra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/escolasaavedra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/escolasaavedra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/escolasaavedra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21974"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/escolasaavedra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21974\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23562,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/escolasaavedra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21974\/revisions\/23562"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/escolasaavedra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21908"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/escolasaavedra\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21974"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}