{"id":10089,"date":"2020-05-28T08:01:07","date_gmt":"2020-05-28T06:01:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/esc-maragall-lh\/?p=10089"},"modified":"2020-06-08T20:27:20","modified_gmt":"2020-06-08T18:27:20","slug":"de-la-biblioteca-la-llegenda-de-nyaminyami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/esc-maragall-lh\/general\/de-la-biblioteca-la-llegenda-de-nyaminyami\/","title":{"rendered":"De la Biblioteca, &#8220;La llegenda de Nyaminyami&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-10093 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/esc-maragall-lh\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1598\/2020\/05\/descarga-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"217\" height=\"290\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Una llegenda \u00e9s un tipus de narraci\u00f3 que barreja fets o elements reals amb d\u2019altres imaginaris. Normalment, una llegenda est\u00e0 relacionada amb un lloc, un personatge o un fet hist\u00f2ric<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>A Catalunya en tenim un bon grapat, algunes de molt conegudes com la de Sant Jordi, la del Pont del diable de Martorell o la del Mariner de Sant Pau de Seg\u00faries.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Arreu del m\u00f3n, all\u00e0 on hi ha un llac o un riu, trobem llegendes associades a animals mitol\u00f2gics o fant\u00e0stics que hi viuen. De vegades se\u2019ls anomena monstres, per\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 en trobem de benefactors. El m\u00e9s conegut \u00e9s el \u00abNessi\u00bb, el monstre dels llac Ness, a Esc\u00f2cia.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>A l\u2019\u00c0frica tenen el\u00a0<strong>Nyaminyami<\/strong>, tamb\u00e9 conegut com a d\u00e9u del riu Zambezi, un dels d\u00e9us m\u00e9s importants del poble \u00abtonga\u00bb. Viu al riu, entre\u00a0<strong>Z\u00e0mbia<\/strong>\u00a0i\u00a0<strong>Zimbabwe,<\/strong>\u00a0i se\u2019l descriu amb el cos de serp i el cap de peix o de drac.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Per explicar la vida de la tribu \u00abtonga\u00bb s\u2019usa un bast\u00f3 de passeig tallat amb escenes que representen el Nyaminyami i que han estat hist\u00f2ricament regals per a visitants de prestigi.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>De la m\u00e0 d&#8217;en <a href=\"https:\/\/jaumecentelles.cat\/contacte\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Jaume Centelles<\/strong><\/a>,<em> La llegenda de Nyaminyami:<\/em><br \/>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/3eBg_P8154k\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Hi ha una hist\u00f2ria real que va comen\u00e7ar el 1956, quan els occidentals van pensar que aquella era una bona zona per construir la presa m\u00e9s gran del m\u00f3n. Se\u2019n diu \u00abla llegenda de la Kariba\u00bb i diu aix\u00ed:<\/em><br \/>\n<em>El poble \u201ctonga\u201d va viure durant segles a la vall de Zambezi pac\u00edficament i amb poc contacte amb el m\u00f3n exterior. Van ser persones senzilles que van construir les seves<\/em> <em>cases a la vora del riu i van creure que els seus d\u00e9us els cuidaven proveint-los amb aigua i menjar.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Per\u00f2 el seu estil de vida idealista havia de ser destrossat. A principis dels anys quaranta del segle passat es va fer un informe sobre la possibilitat d\u2019un embassament hidroel\u00e8ctric per subministrar energia per a la ind\u00fastria creixent que el colonialisme havia portat a la zona.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>El 1956 es va iniciar la construcci\u00f3 del projecte i un equip de persones va comen\u00e7ar<\/em> <em>a moure les terres, va arru\u00efnar la vida a la vall, i va arrabassar milers d\u2019arbres centenaris per construir carreteres i assentaments per allotjar els treballadors.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>La pau i la solitud dels Tonga es va veure trencada i se\u2019ls va dir que abandonessin les seves cases i s\u2019allunyessin del riu per evitar la inundaci\u00f3 que provocaria la presa i es van instal\u00b7lar no gaire lluny pensant que el Nyaminyami mai no permetria construir la presa i podrien tornar a casa.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>El 1957, quan la presa estava en ple cam\u00ed, les pitjors inundacions conegudes al Zambezi van eliminar gran part de la presa parcialment constru\u00efda i van matar a molts treballadors.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Alguns dels cossos dels treballadors morts van desapar\u00e8ixer misteriosament i, despr\u00e9s d\u2019una cerca infructuosa, van demanar ajuda als ancians del poble tonga. Aquests van explicar que el Nyaminyami havia causat el desastre i per aplacar la seva ira s\u2019havia de fer un sacrifici.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Un vedell negre va ser sacrificada i llen\u00e7ada al riu. L\u2019endem\u00e0 al mat\u00ed, el vedell havia desaparegut i els cossos dels treballadors estaven al seu lloc. La desaparici\u00f3 del vedell no suposa cap misteri al riu infestat de cocodrils, per\u00f2 la reaparici\u00f3 dels cossos dels treballadors tres dies despr\u00e9s de la seva desaparici\u00f3 no s\u2019ha explicat mai satisfact\u00f2riament.<\/em><br \/>\nEl projecte va sobreviure i el gran riu va ser finalment controlat. El 1960 es van posar en marxa els generadors i des de llavors subministren electricitat a Zimbabwe i Z\u00e0mbia.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-10098\" src=\"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/esc-maragall-lh\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1598\/2020\/05\/img-20200503-wa0010.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"438\" height=\"328\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/esc-maragall-lh\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1598\/2020\/05\/img-20200503-wa0010.jpg 660w, https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/esc-maragall-lh\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1598\/2020\/05\/img-20200503-wa0010-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/esc-maragall-lh\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1598\/2020\/05\/img-20200503-wa0010-200x150.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 438px) 100vw, 438px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>PROPOSTA DID\u00c0CTICA: Juguem amb ritmes<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Us proposem una activitat musical a partir d\u2019una de les can\u00e7ons que heu sentit al v\u00eddeo anterior (Ka baga ne ma), una can\u00e7\u00f3 tradicional de Mali.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Us poseu en cercle (dempeus o asseguts). Un de vosaltres fa de director d\u2019orquestra i va seguint el ritme amb gestos que els altres han d\u2019imitar. Es tracta de colpejar r\u00edtmicament diferents parts del cos (cuixes, panxa, espatlles, cap, etc.) amb la palma o amb el dors de les mans. Qui s\u2019equivoqui, queda eliminat.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/7r4xmnbd1jk\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Petonets confinats i confitats d&#8217;en LLAGARAM<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8744 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/esc-maragall-lh\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1598\/2020\/05\/ada8c3d0bbd90192236acae692e92f80.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/esc-maragall-lh\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1598\/2020\/05\/ada8c3d0bbd90192236acae692e92f80.jpg 225w, https:\/\/agora.xtec.cat\/esc-maragall-lh\/wp-content\/uploads\/usu1598\/2020\/05\/ada8c3d0bbd90192236acae692e92f80-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nyaminyami,  d\u00e9u afric\u00e0 del riu Zambezi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10093,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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